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About the Hasbrouck- Tindal Table

The information in this table is based on an extensive study of oral reading fluency that Hasbrouck and Tindal completed in 2004. The results of their study are published in a technical report entitled, "Oral Reading Fluency: 90 Years of Measurement, " which is available on the University of Oregon's website. This information was also published in the April 2006 issue of The Reading Teacher magazine, in an article entitled, "Oral Reading Fluency Norms: A Valuable Assessment Tool for Reading Teachers."

Hasbrouck-Tindal Table of

Oral Reading Fluency Norms

The Hasbrouck-Tindal table shows the oral reading fluency rates of students in grades 1 through 8, as determined by data collected by Jan Hasbrouck and Gerald Tindal. Teachers can use this table to draw conclusions and make decisions about the oral reading fluency of their students.

Students scoring 10 or more words below the 50th percentile level, based on the average score of two unpracticed readings from grade-level materials, need a fluency-building program such as Read Naturally. The table can also be used to set the long-term fluency goals for struggling readers.
Printable version of this table

Grade Percentile Fall WCPM* Winter WCPM* Spring WCPM* Avg. Weekly Improvement**
1 90
75
50
25
10 		–
–
–
–
– 		81
47
23
12
6 		111
82
53
28
15 		1.9
2.2
1.9
1.0
0.6
2 90
75
50
25
10 		106
79
51
25
11 		125
100
72
42
18 		142
117
89
61
31 		1.1
1.2
1.2
1.1
0.6
3 90
75
50
25
10 		128
99
71
44
21 		146
120
92
62
36 		162
137
107
78
48 		1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
0.8
4 90
75
50
25
10 		145
119
94
68
45 		166
139
112
87
61 		180
152
123
98
72 		1.1
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.8
5 90
75
50
25
10 		166
139
110
85
61

182
156
127
99
74

 194
168
139
109
83 		0.9
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.7
6 90
75
50
25
10 		177
153
127
98
68		 195
167
140
111
82		 204
177
150
122
93 		0.8
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.8
7 90
75
50
25
10 		180
156
128
102
79 		192
165
136
109
88 		202
177
150
123
98		 0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
8 90
75
50
25
10 		185
161
133
106
77		 199
173
146
115
84		 199
177
151
124
97 		0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
*WCPM = Words Correct Per Minute
**Average weekly improvement is the average words per week growth you can expect from a student. It was calculated by dividing the difference between the fall and spring scores by 32, the typical number of weeks between the fall and spring assessments. For grade 1, since there is no fall assessment, the average weekly improvement was calculated by dividing the difference between the winter and spring scores by 16, the typical number of weeks between the winter and spring assessments.